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Don McLeod's
Butoh Theatre The 2001 Return of a Butoh Theatre
Production
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| Don
McLeod on Butoh
"For me, Butoh is a way of life, a way of being fully alive in present time. Many of us spend much our conscious lives restricting the body's movement always attempting to conform to social standards of acceptable behavior. Butoh is a return to a more primal or natural way of movement like that of a child or animal. Most of my work is improvisational. I may start with a theme, or a series of images and then let the body take me where it may. Many of the images I use are from my daily observations of people, animals, plants or even more obscure sources -- concepts that are found in surrealistic paintings, avant garde music and literature. A look on a strangers face, a memory of a dead relative, or even the shape and texture of a stone can be inspiration for a whole series of spontaneous movements. Kabuki and Noh theatre, Zen, Tai Chi and Qigong are also major influences. Certainly the art of Ukiyo-e (Japanese prints) with its animated characters . . . with Butoh the performer must return to a place before thought, a place where the body and mind become a blank canvas . . . I try to attain 'a beginner's mind,' for as the great Zen master Dogen once said, 'In the beginner's mind there are many possibilities, but in the mind of the expert, there are few.' I move as if discovering movement for the first time.After fifty years of trying to control my actions, this state of being can be quite liberating. In my Butoh, the audience hopefully receives something from my physical expressions, as if they were looking at themselves in a mirror. They may not receive the exact image that I have focused on, but they cannot mistake the imagistic process. I believe my many years as a haiku poet have been instrumental in my being drawn to Butoh as an art form. In haiku we train ourselves to be attentive to the smaller workings of humans and nature, that otherwise might go unnoticed. This way of seeing is essential to creating a focused and meaningful Butoh performance. Unlike most Butoh performers,
I use a certain amount of concrete physical imagery, and then pull
back to examine that conscious state, from a more primitive perspective.
Butoh is about transformation and becoming other. From human states
of being to animal to plant to mineral . . . it's the journey over
the arrival. We work in a nonlinear way, compressing time into
a series of elongated moments. Butoh is an earth dance, a dance
of darkness and light, a dance of the human spirit defining itself
through memory, tension and release." |
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Historical
Background of Butoh
Butoh is a performing art which started off
as a rebellious dance form in the 60's in Tokyo. Japanese dancers,
poets, visual artists and theatre performers were looking for a 'new
expression' with which to research the modern Japanese identity. After
the second world war, The all female troupe Hakutobo was founded by Hijikata and after his death the work was led by Yoko Ashikawa. Since 1988 Tomoe Shizune has guided the work and the group is now, under the name Tomoe Shizune & Hakutobo, developing new aspects of the butoh body. Other leading figures working at the same time were Kazuo Ohno and Akira Kasai, both of whom developed very different styles. Dairakudakan and artistic director Akaji Maro developed their own style. Dairakudakan was a platform for many of the groups that are well-known in the west such as Sankaijuku and Ariadone. America-based Koichi Tamano carries the heritage from Hijikata's early work. Of major influence is also Min Tanaka, who with his troupe Maijuku, developed the Body Weather method. Today a great variety of styles and aesthetics can be found since butoh has ceased being a Japanese art-form and is developing all over the world. Los Angeles butoh artist, Oguri is also a major force in defining a positive future for American butoh. The third generation of dancers since Hijikatas days are recreating the forms within their own personal and cultural context. Butoh cannot be defined by one specific style, but it is up to the dancer, choreographer and artist to define their work. There are no fixed rules or methods. The dance is taught from teacher to student and there are no official schools or institutions. |
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